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Universal Colliery was a coal mine located in the town of Senghenydd in the Aber Valley, roughly four miles north-west of the town of Caerphilly. It is within the county borough of Caerphilly, traditionally within the county of Glamorgan, Wales. Opened in 1891, it became a ventilation facility for the Windsor Colliery in 1928 before complete closure in 1988. ==Background== Senghenydd, along with its neighbouring town Abertridwr, make up the majority of the Aber Valley, and became urbanised in the 1890s, when the Universal (1891) and Windsor collieries were sunk in the region,〔''The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales''. John Davies, Nigel Jenkins, Menna Baines and Peredur Lynch (2008) page 2 ISBN 978-0-7083-1953-6〕 along with the 1891 opening of the Rhymney Railway's Senghenydd extension branch. The colliery was developed and owned by William Thomas Lewis. As he pressed the development of the mine to greater depths for access to thicker seams of steam coal, in 1901 an explosion at the colliery killed 81 men. The Mines Inspectorate were highly critical of Thomas-Lewis for not improving safety. In 1911, Thomas Lewis was created 1st Baron Merthyr. The Mines Inspectorate gave Thomas Lewis an extended deadline of September 1913 to complete the safety plan implementation, but again this deadline was missed. The Windsor Colliery was closed in November 1986. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Universal Colliery」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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